What must accompany damage or delay claims?

• A. Notice only
• B. Substantiation only
• C. Neither notice nor substantiation is required
• D. Timely notice of claims and substantiation

Answer: (D)

The main idea tested is that, in AIA A201, damage or delay claims must be presented with both timely notice and substantiation. Timely notice alerts the owner and architect to the potential claim so the contract’s review and adjustment processes can begin. Substantiation provides the factual basis, including the cost breakdown and schedule impact, showing exactly why the claim is justified. Without both elements, a claim isn’t properly presented: notice alone doesn’t prove the claim’s amount or necessity, and substantiation alone lacks timely warning to trigger review. If either component is missing or not timely, the claim can be denied or reduced under the contract. So the best answer is that damage or delay claims must be accompanied by timely notice of the claim and substantiation.